Pharmacokinetics

Absorption: Rapidly converted to phenytoin after IV administration and completely absorbed after IM administration

Distribution: Distributes into CSF and other body tissues and fluids. Enters breast milk; crosses the placenta, achieving similar maternal/fetal levels. Preferentially distributes into fatty tissue

Protein Binding: Fosphenytoin—95–99%;phenytoin—90–95%

Metabolism and Excretion: Mostly metabolized by the liver; minimal amounts excreted in the urine

Half-life: Fosphenytoin—15 min; phenytoin—22 hr (range 7–42 hr)

TIME/ACTION PROFILE (anticonvulsant effect)

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