Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Well absorbed following oral administration; divalproex is enteric-coated, and absorption is delayed. ER form produces lower blood levels. IV administration results in complete bioavailability
Distribution: Rapidly distributed into plasma and extracellular water. Cross blood-brain barrier and placenta; enters breast milk
Protein Binding: 80–90%, decreased in neonates, elderly, renal impairment, or chronic hepatic disease
Metabolism and Excretion: Mostly metabolized by the liver; minimal amounts excreted unchanged in urine
Half-life: Adults: 9–16 hr
TIME/ACTION PROFILE (onset = anticonvulsant effect; peak = blood levels)
| ROUTE | ONSET | PEAK | DURATION |
| PO—liquid | 2–4 days | 15–120 min | 6–24 hr |
| PO—capsules | 2–4 days | 1–4 hr | 6–24 hr |
| PO—delayed-release products | 2–4 days | 3–5 hr | 12–24 hr |
| PO—extended-release products | 2–4 days | 7–14 hr | 24 hr |
| IV | 2–4 days | end of infusion | 6–24 hr |
VALPROATES is a sample topic found in Davis's Drug Guide. All other sections of this record are viewable by clicking on the index in the left column, or by clicking on "Display all Sections" in the "Content Manager".
To find other Davis's Drug Guide topics, please login or purchase a subscription.
Davis's Drug Guide
